Epidemiological Study of Zygomatic Fractures: A Five-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Single Hospital Experience

Ali, Ahmed A A

doi:10.21608/ejprs.2020.140021

Epidemiological Study of Zygomatic Fractures: A Five-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Single Hospital Experience

Document Type : Research article

Author

Ahmed A A Ali

The Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University

10.21608/ejprs.2020.140021

Abstract

Background: Zygomatic complex and arch fractures
remain one of the most common maxillofacial fractures.
Epidemiological studies of theses fractures vary by geographic
region, socioeconomic, environmental and cultural factors.
Its importance is confirmed by their implication in the clinical
practice and prevention.
Patients and Methods: Five-year retrospective study;
from May 2015 to April 2020; was conducted on 120 patients
with zygomatic fractures in our department. Fracture sites
were classified into five types (I-V) based on the number of
fractured processes and comminution. Data collected in a
clinical sheet and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social
Sciences version 20. p-value Chi square test was used to compare between 2 or more
qualitative variables.
Results: Patients aged from 15-78 years old and divided
into 4 age groups (A-D). Group B (21-40 years) was the
commonest affected. Males were predominant than females
with ratio M: F = (7:1). Motor car accidents was the commonest
etiology of trauma (56.60%). Left sided fracture (52.5%) was
involved more than right sided one (45%) and fracture was
bilateral in 2.5% of cases. Type-IV fracture (classic tetrapod)
was the commonest type reported (42 cases, 35%). Most
common fractured process was zygomatic-maxillary buttress
(ZM) in 90 cases (75%). Mandibular fracture (15%) was the
most common associated facial fractures. Most common
accessed approach was the upper buccal in 80 cases (66.6%).
Access through a preexisting wound was encountered in 10
cases (8.3%). Four-point fixation (40%) was the commonest
point fixation for these fractures. Infra orbital paresthesia (42
cases) was the most common complications encountered.
Conclusion: Zygomatic fractures have high morbidity
and cost of life. Use of protective devices, strict laws and
severe punishments must be implemented to reduce its frequency

Keywords

Main Subjects

Maxillofacial and cranio-maxillo-facial surgery

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